The patient health questionnaire phq 9 is a brief, 9item selfreport screening tool that may help identify symptoms that could relate to depression. Over the last two weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems. Comparison of two selfrating scales to detect depression. Guide for interpreting phq9 scoresof the first nine items, 1. The results of the phq9 may be used to make a depression diagnosis according to dsmiv criteria and takes less than 3 minutes to complete. Gad7 anxiety and phq9 depression score sheet torbay and. Phq9 questionnaire for depression scoring and interpretation guide. Patient health questionnaire phq9 statistics solutions.
Of the 9 items, 5 or more are checked as at least more than half the days. Phq9 nine symptom checklist university of washington. The phq9 is a 9question instrument given to patients in a primary care setting to screen for the presence and severity of depression. Screening and screening tools psychological health. A depression rating scale is a psychiatric measuring instrument having descriptive words and phrases that indicate the severity of depression for a time period.
How to score the patient health questionnaire phq9. When screening for depression the patient health questionnaire phq2 can be used first it has a 97% sensitivity and a 67% specificity. The current study showed that 179 diabetic foot patients 82. Patient health questionnaire phq9 is adapted from prime md today. The phq9 is the nine item depression scale of the patient health questionnaire1. Screening for depression american family physician. Summary of representative clinical depression screening tools. Depression screening by a nineitem patient health questionnaire phq9 in adults. Its free, and its been shown to be effective in multiple settings and situations. The phq9 is a selfreport tool and incorporates the dsmiv depression diagnostics criteria along with other leading major depressive symptoms.
The patient health questionnaire phq9 is the major depressive disorder mdd module of the full phq. In the phq study, the area under the curve for major depression was 0. Adaptation and initial validation of the patient health. It also does not require significant training to administer or score, making it a simple and effective way to evaluate depression.
The macarthur initiative on depression and primary care at. The 8item patient health questionnaire phq8 is a widelyused, validated, selfreport measure that assesses depression symptoms over the last 2 weeks based on dsmiv criteria kroenke et al. The score suggests the patient may not need depression. When used, an observer may make judgements and rate a person at a specified scale level with respect to identified characteristics. The phq9 tool is for the adult population, and the phqa is for the pediatric population. Scores are rated as normal 02, mild 35, moderate 68, and severe 912. It is the 9question depression scale from the patient health questionnaire phq.
Rather than being used to diagnose depression, a depression rating scale may be used to assign a score. The screening process starts with the patient health questionnaire phq9, a wellknown and valid tool. Major depression, moderately severe major depression, severe. Guide for interpreting phq9 scores score action 04 the score suggests the patient may not need depression treatment 514 mild major depressive disorder. Validity of the brief patient health questionnaire mood. Patient health questionnaire phq9 n o t a t a a l l s e v e r l d a. Assessment of depression severity with the phq9 in cancer. The german version of the phq depression module phq9 has been validated twice in primary care settings. The phq9 is a valid, quick screening instrument for depression that also can be used as a followup to a positive phq2 result and to monitor treatment response. Physician uses clinical judgment about treatment, based on patients duration of symptoms and functional impairment. Using the patient health questionnaire phq9 and the. Of the 9 items, 5 or more are circled as at least more than half the days either item 1a or 1b is positive, that is, at least more than half the days scoring method for diagnosis minor depressive syndrome is suggested if. Patient health questionnaire phq9 n o t a t a a l l s e v e r l d a y s m o r t h n h a l f a t h e d n e r l y.
Aim this study compares the hospital anxiety and depression scale hads and the patient health questionnaire phq9 with regard to their psychometric properties, and investigates their agreement at different cut. Patient health questionnaire phq9 michigan medicine. Its short, taking just a couple of minutes to complete. Patient health questionnaire phq9 succeed medical weight. Phq9 questionnaire for depression scoring and interpretation guide for physician use only scoring. The phq9 is the nine item depression scale of the patient health questionnaire. In our study, this questionnaire assesseed 9 depressive symptoms experienced by participants in the 14 days prior to evaluation. This is a corrected version of the article that appeared in print. Patient health questionnaire phq9 british columbia. Multiply that number by the value indicated below, then add the subtotal to produce a total score. Of the 9 items, b, c, or d are circled as at least more than half the days. Phq9 depression scale university of washington aims center.
The phq2 is a twoitem selfreport that inquires about the frequency of depressed mood and anhedonia over the last two weeks. Used to provisionally diagnose depression and grade severity of symptoms in general medical and mental health settings. Brief description selfadministered 9item instrument based on the nine dsmv criteria listed under criterion a for major depressive disorder. Selfrating scales can be useful in screening for depression, and measuring severity and treatment outcome. Phq9 patient depression questionnaire for initial diagnosis. Establishing a common metric for depressive symptoms. C 23 depression screening in older adults can be accomplished with multiple instruments, including the phq2, phq9, and various geriatric depression scales. Scores each of the 9 dsm criteria of mdd as 0 not at all to 3 nearly every day, providing a 027 severity. The nine items cover experience of pleasure, feeling down, sleep disruption, energy levels, appetite, feeling a failure, trouble. The patient health questionnaire, or phq9, seems like a good option, and it is one of the most widelyused screening tools in clinical practice. Reference 7 all patients not currently receiving treatment for depression should be screened for depression using this tool. The patient health questionnaire phq2 and phq9 are commonly used and. Margot savoy, screening your adult patients for depression. It is the 9question depression scale from the patient health questionnaire.
The phq9 is the depression module, which scores each of the nine diagnostic criteria for major depression in diagnostic and statistical manual fourth edition as 0 not at all to 3 nearly every day. The main section has nine items, corresponding to the nine diagnostic symptoms for major depressive disorder in the dsm5. Phq9 scoring card for severity determination instructions for use for doctor or healthcare professional use only phq9 quick depression assessment for initial diagnosis. The phq9 is a nineitem selfreport depression scale that.
The phq9 dep9 in some sourcesis a 9question instrument given to patients in a primary care setting to screen for the presence and severity of depression. The patient health questionnaire phq9 overview the phq9 is a multipurpose instrument for screening, diagnosing, monitoring and measuring the severity of depression. It is based directly on the it is based directly on the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorders in diagnostic and statistical manual fourth edition dsmiv 2. Depression should not be diagnosed or excluded solely on the basis of a phq9 score. An ultrabrief screening scale for anxiety and depression. From the primary care evaluation of mental disorders patient health questionnaire primemd phq. The patient health questionnaire phq is a multiplechoice selfreport inventory ed by pfizer inc, that is used as a screening and diagnostic tool for mental health disorders of depression, anxiety, alcohol, eating, and somatoform disorders. The first aim of this study was to psychometrically test the phq9 in a large sample of cancer patients. The instrument aids in guiding criteria based diagnosis of depressive symptoms, can assist in identifying treatment goals, determining severity of symptoms, as well as. Patient completes phq9 quick depression assessment on accompanying tearoff pad. The second aim was to calculate unbiased estimates of the depression burden for several cancer groups taking into account age and gender distributions. Phq9 nine symptom checklist agency medical directors.
If you checked off any problem on this questionnaire so far, how difficult have these. It is the selfreport version of the primary care evaluation of mental disorders primemd, a diagnostic tool developed in the mid1990s by. The patient health questionnaire phq 9 is a multipurpose instrument used for diagnosis, screening, monitoring and measuring the severity of depression. Phq9 quick depression assessment for initial diagnosis. Interpreting phq9 scores actions based on ph9 score score action minimal depression 04 mild depression 59 moderate depression 1014 moderately severe depression 1519 severe depression 2027 5 14 15 the score suggests the patient may not need depression treatment physician uses clinical judgment about treatment, based. Patients rate how they have been doing in each area using a 0 to 3 scale.
The patient health questionnaire phq9 is a widely used instrument to screen for depression in clinical research. The patient health questionnaire phq9 the phq9 is a 9item, depressionscreening scale kroenke et al. The phq9 was developed for use in primary care settings. Patient completes phq9 quick depression assessment. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale 1 epds postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing. Patient health questionnaire phq9, beck depression inventory bdi or bdiii, center for epidemiologic studies depression scale cesd, depression scale deps, duke anxietydepression scale. The phq8 as a measure of current depression in the. Background more than half of patients with depression go undetected. Phq9 score provisional diagnosis treatment recommendation patient preference should be considered none minimal minimal symptoms.
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